What is toner, anyway?

We’ve been obediently applying the liquids and lotions otherwise known as toners simply because someone, somewhere, at some beauty counter/sleepover/dermatologist’s office told us we should. But have we ever asked ourselves: Why?
What is toner, anyway?
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Women have been faithfully using toners after being told to do so by some expert. But have we ever bothered finding out what toners really are and what purpose do they serve?It’s not really that easy getting the answer to that simple question.Certain experts tout their deep-cleaning action; one claims that toner helps boost her moisturiser; and a makeup artiste uses it to rebalance her skin after using a cleanser. Another refers to her toner as simply, “The best thing you’ll ever use in your life.” 
But toners should not be among life’s great mysteries, right? So, overcoming the fear that seeing behind the curtain would reveal that we’ve been spending far too much time and hard-earned dough experimenting with tap water or worse, we’ve got you what LA skincare specialist Mila Moursi reveals about toners: 
Why tone? “A toner’s function is to complete the cleansing of your skin— removing the dust, pollution, and impurities that can still be lingering after washing with a cleanser, as cleansers usually contain ingredients such as oil, which can leave a film on your face.” 
What’s in a toner? “Most toners are water-based liquids composed of specific active ingredients including plant extracts and essential oils, tailored to address a variety of skin types. Mainly there are hydrating toners, calming and soothing toners, and astringent toners. We have a pH Balancing Toner and a Cleansing Toner.” What’s in a good toner? “I’d look for rosewater—for its hydrating, clarifying, and energising properties—or chamomile, which is wonderful for calming and soothing the skin. Or both! Alcohol is usually found in astringent toners for oily skin. Their function is to dry out the skin and be especially anti-bacterial—but you don’t want to use those excessively because it will overdry the skin. Alcohol isn’t bad for your skin, but it just depends on the percentage.” 
How should a toner be used? “After using a cleanser with warm water and a washcloth, splash your face with cold water. Then, saturating two cotton pads, use toner on your face, neck, and décolletage at night to complete the cleansing of the skin, and in the morning to remove sebum produced during the night and to balance your skin’s pH. Finish by applying your treatment products and/or cream.” 
Can you DIY? “Yes! For all skin types, I’d suggest a green-tea toner: make one cup of green tea, add half a teaspoon of honey. Mix well. After the mixture’s cooled, add three drops of jasmine essential oil and pour into an airtight bottle. There’s your toner! Just store it in a cool place. And for normal to oily skin types, I’d recommend an applecider vinegar toner: mix the juice of one lemon with one tablespoon of apple cider vinegar. Then, mix in 200 mL of mineral water. Again, pour into an airtight container and store it in a cool place. But, because lemon is photosensitive, only use this one at night.” – intothegloss.com
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