What is OCD?

We’ve heard the term ‘OCD’ used casually to describe someone extremely particular about details. But what does OCD, that’s the abbreviation for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, actually mean? Café looks in
What is OCD?
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is a wrongly understood term. While talking to a friend of mine, Nikhil, the other day, he mentioned about his nature of keeping the house clean, saying that being a bachelor and working ten hours a day, it does not give him time to maintain the house on a regular basis. Thus he prefers to do it on a Sunday where he cleans up his house, organises his cupboard and plans for the week. This one week, Nikhil had a house guest who was a slob. So every evening, when Nikhil returned home and found his house in a mess, he would get upset. When he brought it to his friend’s notice, his friend simply remarked that Nikhil had OCD.

On the other hand, I have a client who has to wash her hands every time she has a negative thought, has to check the house 15 times before leaving the house or check the car at least 10 minutes if it is locked properly.

Now who has OCD, Nikhil or my client? I think we all have a certain amount of borderline Obsessive Compulsive Disorder that we are probably not aware of. As a therapist, I too am obsessed with a certain amount of cleanliness, organised approach, or for that matter, keeping my things in a certain way or certain manner. However, these behaviours need not hamper your peace of mind or your daily life.

Even checking your phone every five minutes, or going on social sites every 15 minutes is a type of OCD. But, is it a word that can be loosely applied to any given situation?

Let’s understand what Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder where people feel the need to check things repeatedly, perform certain routines repeatedly (called ‘rituals’), or have certain thoughts repeatedly. People are unable to control either the thoughts or the activities for more than a short period of time. Common activities include hand washing, counting of things and checking to see if a door is locked. Some may have difficulty throwing things out. These activities occur to such a degree that the person’s daily life is negatively affected. Often they take up more than an hour a day. Most adults realise that the behaviours do not make sense. The condition is associated with tics, anxiety disorder, and an increased risk of suicide.

So how do you identify whether you really have OCD? I would say, start by observing yourself as to how you are in your entire day. If you find it difficult to keep track of yourself and if you have close, reliable and genuine friends, you can ask them for help; tell them to let you know if they notice you doing such repetitive actions.

It has been observed that OCD affects about 2.3 per cent of people at some point in their lives. Rates during a given year are about 1.2 per cent and it occurs worldwide. It is unusual for symptoms to begin after the age of 35, and half the people develop problems before 20. Males and females are affected about equally. In English, the phrase ’obsessive–compulsive’ is often used in an informal manner unrelated to OCD to describe someone who is excessively meticulous, absorbed, or otherwise fixated.

Every problem or concern has a solution and there are various ways that you can do it, once you have identified a certain habit that falls under the category of OCD. Be aware of what areas of your life are getting affected with that, as awareness itself is a step towards change.

Also, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), a type of psychotherapy, is effective for many people with OCD. Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), a type of CBT therapy, involves gradually exposing you to a feared object or obsession, such as dirt, and having you learn healthy ways to cope with your anxiety. ERP takes effort and practice, but you may enjoy a better quality of life once you learn to manage your obsessions and compulsions.

I personally would say, just be aware and do not categorise people based on some incident you noticed, as opinions formed based on perceptions can really hamper relationships.

The writer, Aysha Sharma, is a psychotherapist, clinical hypnotherapist and integrated energy therapist

Herald Goa
www.heraldgoa.in