The next most significant migration into India took place about 4000 years ago, from the Eurasian Steppe region (roughly modern central Asia and eastern Europe). This migration is responsible for the clutch of Indo-European languages (Hindi, Punjabi, Bangla, Marathi, Konkani, etc) spoken in India today, and its Vedic culture. At the risk of complicating this issue, I must state here, that all humankind has its origins in that first migration out of Africa, but because of its wide dispersal, settlements grew in isolation and developed different cultures. These isolated settlements began migrating once again as climate and technological advances (the wheel, the horse and the chariot) made movement possible. The world has been separating and then re-discovering each other from time immemorial.